What is Menopause? What are the Symptoms of Menopause?

The female reproductive cycle culminates in menopause. While menopause is a completely natural process, the physical and psychological changes experienced during this period can be quite challenging for many women. However, being informed can help manage menopause more effectively and effectively.

To learn more about menopause, you can take a look at our article, which includes all the details of the process, from its definition to its symptoms, from its diagnosis to what to do.

What is Menopause?

Menopause is a biological process that marks the end of menstrual periods in women. For menopause to be diagnosed, menstruation must be absent for 12 months. Menopause occurs in stages. Let's briefly examine these stages:

Perimenopause:

Perimenopause can begin 8 to 10 years before menopause and continues until menopause. During this period, the ovaries begin to produce less estrogen. As estrogen levels drop in the final few years, menopausal symptoms may begin.

Menopause:

It is the period when menstrual cycles stop completely.

Postmenopause:

It refers to the period after menopause. Some women may experience menopausal symptoms during part of this period.

What is Early Menopause?

We define early menopause as the cessation of menstrual symptoms before the age of 45. For example, if you experience menopausal symptoms at age 35, this may be a sign that you are entering early menopause. Naturally occurring early menopause occurs when the ovaries stop producing estrogen on their own.

Early menopause may not always occur spontaneously. Autoimmune disorders, certain chromosomal abnormalities, and, in rare cases, certain infections can affect the ovaries, inhibiting hormone production and thus leading to menopause.

Treatments such as radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery that involves removing the ovaries are also among the causes of early menopause. If a woman in the family has experienced early menopause at a very young age, such as in her 20s or 30s, this may also increase the likelihood of experiencing early menopause.

The symptoms of premature menopause are no different from those of natural menopause. Women who enter early menopause may experience the symptoms of typical menopause. The age of premature menopause can also vary from person to person. Entering menopause before it's due can seem daunting. However, there are medications and treatments for premature menopause. With treatment, you may have a chance of stopping premature menopause.

During your treatment, your doctor may prescribe birth control pills to take regularly or recommend hormone replacement therapy (HRT), which involves taking various hormones to prevent menopause. They may also recommend other treatment methods and lifestyle changes.

Speaking of premature menopause, let's also mention false menopause. False menopause is defined as the temporary cessation of menstrual cycles for the treatment of certain conditions. While the symptoms of false menopause are similar to those of typical menopause, they can appear more rapidly and be more severe. Once treatment is completed, false menopause also disappears.

What are the symptoms of menopause?

Now that we've answered the question, "What does menopause mean?" let's discuss its symptoms. Menopause symptoms may not be the same for every woman. The frequency and intensity of symptoms can vary from person to person. Generally, we can list the symptoms of menopause as follows:

1. Weight gain,
2. Headache,
3. Slowing down of metabolism,
4. Heart palpitations,
5. More frequent urination,
   
6. Thinning of hair,
7. Dry skin,
8. Dry eyes,
9. Dry mouth,
10. Sleep problems,
11. Mood changes,
    
12. Concentration problems,
13. Night sweats,
14. Hot flashes,
15. Shake,
16. Change in libido,
17. Vaginal dryness,
18. Vaginal infections,
19. Feeling of pain in the breasts.
    

There is no cure for menopause, which occurs naturally in every woman. Doctors may prescribe medication to treat symptoms or discomfort caused by hormonal changes if deemed necessary.

How Long Do Menopause Symptoms Last?

The effects of menopause can last for varying lengths of time from woman to woman. Some symptoms may persist for up to five years. For some women, the effects can last even longer.

What are Menopause Pains?

During menopause, falling estrogen levels can cause joint and muscle pain. Pain in the knees, shoulders, neck, elbows, and hands may be more severe than before.

What Does Menstrual Bleeding Like During Menopause?

The menstrual cycle doesn't end abruptly during the transition to menopause. Many women experience irregular periods. For example, they may not have periods for several months and then return. They may also have shorter periods. Spotting is also common during menopause.

As mentioned earlier, you're considered menopausal after a year without a period. If you experience bleeding or spotting even after a year or more of your last period, you may need to consult your doctor.

How Many Days Does Menstrual Bleeding Last During Menopause?

During menopause, women's menstrual bleeding may last 10 days or longer. Heavy bleeding may also occur.

Can a Woman in Menopause Get Pregnant?

Many women transitioning into menopause may think they won't become pregnant. However, it's important to remember that pregnancy is always a possibility if menopause hasn't fully entered.

At What Age Does Menopause Begin?

Women often wonder about the age of menopause, such as, "What is the latest age for menopause?" and "When does menopause begin?" While the age of menopause varies from woman to woman, the average age is between 45 and 55. In Turkey, women typically experience menopause between the ages of 46 and 48.

Exercising before menopause can also delay it. To do this, prioritize five menopause-delaying exercises, such as yoga, resistance training, stretching, pelvic floor exercises, and rope jumping.

How Is Menopause Diagnosed?

During menopause, estrogen levels decline, while follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels increase. If necessary, your doctor can perform tests to check your FSH levels. You can also check your FSH levels with a home menopause test, similar to a pregnancy test.

However, the rise and fall of FSH during the menstrual period or other variables may prevent the test result from determining definitively whether you are in menopause or perimenopause.

For an accurate diagnosis, it's helpful to consult your doctor and share your symptoms. Doctors can often diagnose menopause by reviewing your symptoms and medical history, without the need for testing.

What Should You Do During Menopause?

Some lifestyle changes you can make during perimenopause and menopause can help you experience less severe symptoms. They can also contribute to better overall health during the postmenopausal period.

So, what is good for menopause?

1. You should follow your sleep routine and get plenty of rest during the day.
2. You should establish a balanced and adequate diet. You can protect your bone health by consuming calcium-rich foods, especially cabbage, milk, and yogurt. You can also minimize sugar intake during this period to prevent sudden blood sugar spikes and drops, which can increase fatigue.
3. You can make sure to exercise regularly.
4. You should stay away from cigarettes and alcohol.
5. You should take care to get vitamin D by spending time outside regularly.
6. You should maintain your ideal body weight and lose any excess weight. This will help you experience some of your menopause symptoms with greater relief.
7. You should drink at least 8 to 12 glasses of water a day to help combat dryness and bloating.
8. Coping with the psychological changes of menopause on your own can be challenging. If you're experiencing these psychological issues, you might consider seeking professional psychological support.
9. You can also control your stress level with practices such as breathing exercises and meditation.
   

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